The cutting tool may also be fed at an angle, relative to the axis of the work, for machining taper and angles. Take extra care because it involves reaching over rotating work. The lathe is one of the oldest manufacturing technologies on earth. Groover, fundamentals of modern manufacturing 2e classification of machined parts 1. Lathe machine multiple choice questions and answers on lathe machine mcq questions quiz on lathe machine questions. Centre lathes are frequently used to produce small batches, turn spare parts or for educational purposes.
The removal of material from metal is called machining, and the process usually happens in a machine shop that has special equipment parts of lathe machine headstock. The lathe is a very versatile and important machine to know how to operate. Today we will study the definition, introduction, diagram, parts, types, operations, and specifications of a lathe machine tool. Use the slingchain to sling lathe showed as in fig 4 position the saddle and tailstock along the bed to obtain balance. This is accomplished by holding the work securely and rigidly on the machine and then turning it against cutting tool, which will remove metal from the work in the form of chips.
The bed this is the foundation of the lathe, and made in cast iron, it is usually of a very robust boxlike form, ribbed on the inside and ported so that coolant and swarf can pass through easily. Centre lathes differ on many technical parameters, such as turning diameter, turning length, centre height, distance between centres, spindle bore and jaw chuck. This machine rotates a cylindrical object against a tool that the individual controls. Initial test cutting if you have never operated a lathe before, we suggest that you make a trial cut on a scrap of material to learn the operation of the machine.
The earliest versions date all the way back to the ancient egyptians, who invented a twoperson, bowdriven lathe around 0 bce. Centre lathes colchester machine tool solutions is unique in having two top quality centre lathe brands in colchester and harrison, with each range having models to suit all applications. This lathe has been so named because of the very high speed of the headstock spindle. The headstock is fixed on the machine and it consists of many pulleys, lever, spindle, chuck, and gear box. What is the difference between cnc turning center and cnc. The lathe is a machine tool which holds the workpiece between two rigid and strong supports called centers or in a chuck or face plate which revolves. The cutting instrument is feed into the workpiece which rotates about its own axis and with its help we can make the workpiece in a required shape that we need or want. Lathe machine multiple choice questions and answers mcq. Pdf a process capability study is performed for the turning process on a general purpose center lathe in order to verify the process. The engine lathe is an accurate and versatile machine on which many operations can be performed. The tailstock spindle has an internal taper to hold the dead centre and the tapered shank tools such as reamers and drills.
In a 3 or 4jaw chuck, secure a piece of round aluminum stock approximately 34 19 mm diameter and 112 38 mm long. Toolroom lathe and speed lathe turret lathe the tailstock is replaced with a turret chucking machines no tailstock automatic bar machine similar to chuck machine but with a collet a single and multiplespindle bar machines nc lathe. Yet despite this venerable history, turning technology has been far from static, as evidenced by the sophisticated cnc turning centers of today. The spindle is in the head box which rotates a shaft which is connected to the chuck. There are centre holes provided on both faces of the mandrel. The live centre and the dead centre fit into the centre holes. Jun 28, 2017 lathe was actually the first machine tool which came into being as a useful machine for metal cutting. These guidelines are presented on pages 4 through 9 of this guide. The software described in this document is furnished under the license agreement to customers. The carriage travels along the machines bedways, parallel to. Click either brand below to view each manual lathe. Pdf numeric control of a centre lathe catalin chivu.
Lathe cutting tools brought to the work may move in one or more directions. The normal cutting operations are performed with the cutting tool fed either parallel or at right. It is essential that you learn about the centre lathe and the various things you can do with it. It is used to hold hollow work pieces to machine their external surface. The lathe is a machine tool used principally for shaping pieces of metal and sometimes wood or other materials by causing the workpiece to be held and rotated by the lathe while a tool bit is advanced into the work causing the cutting action. Live centre revolving centre it is constructed so that the 60 center runs in its own bearings. Lathe machine performs the different operations such as turning, facing, taper turning, knurling, grooving, parting off, thread cutting, reaming etc. Built to withstand rugged, heavy duty use, our lathes give years of outstanding service with the absolute minimum of maintenance. That is why, the lathe are also called turning machines.
Lathe was actually the first machine tool which came into being as a useful machine for metal cutting. Questions and answers on lathe machine working and tools. A centre lathe is one of the oldest and perhaps most important machine tool ever developed it is the base or foundation of the lathe it has excellent shock absorbing capacity the guide ways are of two types a flat guideways or inverted vee guideways headstock it is permanently fastened to the inner ways at the left hand end of the bed it is. The milling machine lathe attachment is attachable to an existing milling machine to eliminate the need for an operator owning both a milling machine and a lathe. To implement these machinetools it is necessary to train the employees. Mar 19, 2017 type of lathe centres lathe centres is used as a support at the end of a work. As far as the actual manufacturing work goes, mechanically both are the same, cnc turning centers just tend to be more expensive, bigger, more powerful typical 2540 kw, heavier 40008000 kg. To cut the material properly, the tool should be harder than the material of the work piece. Work holding devices used in lathe machine axibook. Accessories with their functions used for lathe machine. Lathe components and accessories east coast colleges moodle. Pdf process capability analysis of a centre lathe turning.
In this article, you will learn about what are the different types of lathe machine operations performed on the lathe machine. A previously drilled or bored workpiece is held on a mandrel to be driven in a lathe and machined. It is designed to be mounted to the side of the milling machine and to be used without disturbing a setup in the associated vise. The cutting tool is rigidly held and supported in a tool post which is fed against the revolving work. Lathe machine seminar ppt with pdf report sumit thakur january 14, 2015 lathe machine seminar ppt with pdf report 20170219t03. Lathe can be defined as a machine tool which holds the work between two rigid and strong supports, called centres, or in a chuck or face plate while the lathe revolves. The following are some of the important parts of lathe machine. Introduction to turning tools and their application. Lathe machine is a machine that holds the workpiece on a chuck and tool on a toolpost, the lathe machine rotates workpiece about an axis to perform different operations such as turning, facing, chamfering, thread cutting, knurling, drilling and more with tools that are applied to the workpiece to design an object with symmetry about that axis. Traditional cnc machines are expensive, complicated, with high precision, and typically only found in large manufacturing companies that can afford them. Lathe tooling turning boring od grooving id grooving face grooving od threading id threading. The main parts of the centre lathe are seen in the diagram.
Lets discuss all lathe machine operations one by one as follows. Oct 18, 2009 a tailstock clamp is provided to lock the tailstock at any desired position. Pdf centre lathe notes1 milling machines ment243 studocu. The success of the introduction of the powerdrycutting method for bevel and hypoid gears at the international machine tool show imts in chicago in 1996 was the result of research and. Jul 29, 2017 accessories mounted to headstock spindle are 34 jaw chuck, lathe center, and lathe dog, collect chuck, face plate, and magnetic chuck. Lathe machine all parts and functions with diagrams and uses. Type of lathe centres lathe centres is used as a support at the end of a work. The lathe is one of the most vital device tools in the industry of metal working and a lathe functions on the principle of a rotating workpiece and a fixed cutting instrument. Colchester machine tool solutions is unique in having two top quality centre lathe brands in colchester and harrison, with each range having models to suit all applications. Lathe machine is also known as centre lathe, because it has two centres between which the job can be held and rotated. At the same time, all colchester manual lathes are capable of very fine precision turning. The turret lathe is a lathe used extensively for the highspeed production of duplicate parts. Lathe maintenance and safety manual pre 7040214201, b using this manual xi using this manual printing to print part or all of this manual from the cd, select fileprint to print this document. A centre lathe is one of the oldest and perhaps most important machine tool ever.
If a tool moves parallel to the axis of the rotation of the workpiece, cylindrical surface is produced, while if it moves perpendicular to. Height of the centers it is the distance between the lathe axis and the lathe bed. A lathe machine is used to design or shape a metal piece accurately. Many of the components that go together to make an engine work have been manufactured using lathes. The removal of material from metal is called machining. As well, cnc turning centers also typically have or can have a chip conveyor, and cnc lathe machines mostly do not have one.
Lathe turning machine lathe bed head stock guide ways tail stock carriage height of the centers tool post 8. Introduction to turning tools and their application identification and application of cutting tools for turning the variety of cutting tools available for modern cnc turning centers makes it imperative for machine operators to be familiar with different tool geometries and how they are applied to common turning processes. The lathe is a machine tool used principally for shaping articles of metal and sometimes wood or other materials by causing the workpiece to be held and. When the tool of centre lathe moves perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The spindle on a small hobby lathe might be driven by a belt and pulleys, but industrial lathes use gears and are called geared head. Working principle of lathe machine engineering tutorials. Tool movement on the engine lathe is accomplished using a combination of the lathes carriage, cross slide, and compound rest. A trained lathes can be divided into three types for easy identification. The construction of a center lathe is detailed above, but depending on the year of manufacture, price range, or desired features, even these lathes can vary widely between models. Lathe maintenance and safety manual pre 7040214201, b maintenance and safety manual iii the information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of hurco companies, inc.
The various other operations that you can perform with the help of lathe machine can include sanding. Center lathe a center lathe or engine lathe may be considered the basis for the metal lathe and is the type most often used by the general machinist or hobbyist. The lathe is a machine tool, which removes the metal from a piece of work to give the required shape and size. Unit ii lathe machine college of engineering, pune. Be familiar with or discuss with shop personnel the size, weight, and shape of the parts machined on each lathe. Gcodes for turning g50 limit spindle speed g28 return to reference point g21 metric system g20 inch system g04 dwell g03 ccw circular interpolation. Nonrotational also called prismatic blocklike or platelike. A carrier is attached at the left side of the mandrel.
Types of lathes lathe figure 71 is ideally suited for this purpose. Equipment and processes index page technology student. When closed around the lead screw, the carriage is driven along by direct drive without using a clutch. The centre lathe an introduction as a product designer, an understanding of the capabilities of the centre lathe is important. Live centre revolving centre dead centre half centre 61. Lathe machines are used in metalworking, woodturning, metal spinning, thermal spraying, glass working, and parts reclamation.
This versatile basic form of universal lathe can be extended with useful features e. Gcodes for turning g50 limit spindle speed g28 return to reference point g21 metric system g20 inch system g04 dwell g03 ccw circular. Mcq quiz on lathe machine multiple choice questions and answers on lathe machine mcq questions quiz on lathe machine objectives questions with answer test pdf for interview preparations, freshers jobs and competitive exams. Survey the jobs being performed on each lathe in your step 2. A cent re lathe is one of the oldest and perhaps most important machine tool ever developed. The engine lathe consists mainly of a headstock, a tailstock, a carriage, and a bed upon which the tailstock and carriage move. Colchester and harrison centre lathes colchester machine. When the tool of centre lathe moves perpendicular to the axis of rotation, it produces a cylindrical surface. Lathe specifications main specifications of a lathe 7. Colchester manual lathes are renowned worldwide for quality and reliability. The lathe is one of the most vital device tools in the industry of metal working and a lathe functions on the principle of a rotating. The mandrel gets the drive either through a catch plate or a. The work is held and rotated on its axis while the cutting tool is advanced along the line of a desired cut. A lathe machine is a machine tool that is used to remove metals from a workpiece to give a desired shape and size.
824 1371 276 437 972 535 1477 1179 1261 46 277 1300 771 780 202 165 391 845 202 415 3 994 1442 255 1314 174 1460 1052 1447 1305 540 115 218 1438 849 213 498 1303